Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development

Introduction

Social environment also plays a vital role during child development in addition to intuitive inclinations and experiences. Social interactions provide tools required for the cognitive development of the individual.

Theory

Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) gave cognizance to the society, social interactions, language in the cognitive development of the children. Culturally developed tools like speech and writing are acquired by social interactions. Children achieve development using those tools. It is also known as Social-Constructivism.

Zone of proximal development (ZPD) is another concept used by Vygotsky which talks about developing a zone where learning can be maximized. Educators are expected to identify the areas where a learner cannot perform independently and need some support. Scaffolding involves the introduction of new ideas and supports to learners when needed. It is not always a highly knowledgeable individual but somebody who has a slightly better understanding can facilitate the learning process. Vygotsky called it The More Knowledgeable Other (MKO).